I. 서론 ······················································································· 2
II. 역사적 추이를 통해 살펴 본 국제석유질서
1. 1970년대 이전 ···································································· 3
2. 1970년대 ··········································································· 5
3. 1980,90년대 ······································································· 6
III. 현 고유가시대에 나타나는 국제석유질서
1. 고유가 시대와 미국의 석유패권질서
(1)고유가 시대 ····························································· 7
(2)미국이 여전히 시장 장악력을 가지는 이유 ··················· 9
2.석유패권을 위협하는 생산국 ················································· 11
(1)OPEC ··································································· 13
(2)베네수엘라 ···························································· 15
(3)러시아 ·································································· 17
3.석유패권을 위협하는 소비국
(1)중국의 경제발전과 석유 사용 증가 ···························· 19
(2)중국의 해외 석유 확보 전략 ····································· 20
(3)중국의 석유 자원 확보의 어려움 ······························· 22
IV. 결론 ····················································································· 24
최근 들어 수급 불균형에 의해 유가가 연일 고가로 치솟으면서 국제석유 구조가 다시 중동을 비롯한 생산국 중심의 시장 구조로 돌아가는 것이 아니냐는 목소리가 높아지고 있다. 심의섭(2000)은 “90년대 산유국들이 생산쿼터를 지키지 않고 증산경쟁을 벌이다가 유가폭락을 자초했던 경험을 갖고 있어 OPEC 카르텔의 결속력이 어느 때보다 강하다”고 평가하고 있으며, 2004년에 작성된 에너지 분과 회의의 보고서에 따르면 “OPEC국이 달러화 약세 및 산유국 재정수익 확보필요 등을 이유로 목표유가를 상향 조정함에 따라 고유가 정책을 유지하며 시장점유율의 증대와 함께 시장영향력 또한 점차 증대해 나갈 것” 이라고 전망하고 있다
김기현. 2003. 『차베스 정권의 등장과 위기로 본 베네수엘라의 정치경제변동: 예외주의의 종결인가?』. 340-341. 한국라틴아메리카학회
김선영. 2005. “바쿠-제이한(BTC) 파이프라인의 개통과 의의”. KIEP.
김중관 · 심의섭. 1987.『유가결정과 OPEC 역할의 변화』. 한국중동학회논총
김연규. 2005. “탈냉전 국제석유의 구조정치 변화: 미국, 러시아, 사우디아라비아 관계”. 184-185. 한양대학교 아태지역연구센터.
박복영. 2004. “에너지 분과 회의의 보고서”. 대외경제 전문가풀.
박정동. 1996. 『21세기 중국』. 216. 한국경제신문사.
배희연. 2003. 『오늘의 세계 정세』 제03-36호. KIEP.
심의섭. 2000. 『OPEC 질서하의 유가파동과 해외유전 자주개발』. 한국중동학회논총

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